Proxy Warfare in the Greater Middle East and its Periphery: An Atlas

This report focuses on proxy warfare in a region we have termed the “Greater Middle East and its periphery.” This region spans littoral zones bordering the Eastern Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf, and the Black Sea, all of which have long been at the center of competition between the great powers.

The countries in the Levant, North Africa, South Asia, and the Black Sea region that constitute the so-called “arc of instability” have been the site of repeated and often interconnected conflicts due to their proximity to trading hubs along one of the world’s busiest maritime routes.

Locations of Major Proxy Wars in the Greater Middle East and its Periphery

Proxy Warfare in the Greater Middle East and its Periphery: An Atlas

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