In Gambia, the Defeated President Who Wouldn't Go

Alexis Okeowo wrote for the New Yorker about Gambian President Yahya Jammeh:

The outlook for Gambia seemed so bright just a few weeks ago. It is the smallest country in West Africa, and in recent years has perhaps been best known for the whims and abuses of its long-ruling dictator, Yahya Jammeh. Since taking power in a military coup, in 1994, Jammeh has been accused of targeting Gambian journalists critical of his government, some of whom have been arrested and killed, and of engineering the disappearance of other critics and activists. He has lashed out against homosexuality, promising to execute gays and lesbians; critics charge him with using the death penalty as a culling tool for political opponents, as well as executing people found guilty of crimes like drug possession. Usually dressed in a flowing white robe and matching stiff cap, carrying a walking stick, Jammeh has overseen Gambia as though he were the chief of a kingdom meant to cater to his needs and desires. Past Presidential elections have been marred by fraud. So when the election came around on December 1st, observers expected more of the same: Jammeh winning by a landslide through a dubious count. But he lost. And, even more stunningly, he conceded.

Then the troubles began. Jammeh’s opponent, President-elect Adama Barrow, is a property developer in his early fifties who was chosen to represent a coalition of opposition parties. In his campaign, he criticized the advances Jammeh boasted of in health and education as empty measures, and vowed to reform the judiciary and give more freedom to the press and civil-society groups. Other than that, not much was known about Barrow. There was no public trail of scandal and corruption allegations in his wake, and he wasn’t Jammeh, and, for many Gambians, that was enough. The country’s security forces shifted their support to Barrow, as well. After the electoral commission announced Barrow’s win—by a margin of twenty thousand votes, out of about half a million cast—the heads of the Army, police, and intelligence told Jammeh to accept defeat. Jammeh then went on television, so that all the country could see, and called Barrow to tell him that “the Gambian people had spoken” and that he wished him “all the best.” The call was even charming at some points: “Are you hearing me?!” he said, pulling the phone away from his ear to make sure that he and Barrow were still connected, a common practice on West African phone lines. But just a week later Jammeh announced that the election was fraudulent and that he would not be stepping down, after all; he wanted a new election. Gambia’s electoral commissioner has now fled the country, apparently fearing for his life.